MCAT Psychology & Sociology, MCAT Biochemistry & MCAT Biology Exam Latest Updated 2024 With Complete Solutions
Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) A persistent increase in synaptic strength following high-frequency stimulation of a chemical synapse.
Retrieval Information stored in long-term memory can return to working memory through this process.
Semantic Networks Organize information in networks of meaningfully related memories.
Spreading Activation One item triggers an activation of related memories.
Recall The retrieval of a memory "from scratch" (fill in the blank questions).
Recognition The correct identification of information that is presented (multiple-choice test).
Retrieval Cues Environmental stimuli or pieces of information that are associated in some way with the memory being sought.
Decay The fading of a memory.
Primacy Effect Recall is strongest for items at the beginning of a list.
Recency Effect Recall is strongest for items at the end of a list.
Interference Similar information prevents the retrieval of a memory.
Retroactive Interference Newly learned material prevents successful retrieval of older memories.
Proactive Interference Previously held knowledge prevents successful retrieval of more newly learned information.
Memory Construction Memories are updated with new information and experiences.
Source Monitoring Occurs when a person attributes a memory to a particular source, correctly or not.
Alzheimer's Disease Associated with aging, has a characteristic pattern of neurodegeneration.
Korsakoff's Syndrome Neurodegeneration caused by a nutritional deficiency (typically vitamin B1), often due to severe alcoholism.
Parkinson's Disease A neurodegenerative disease in which associated brain damage is restricted to a specific area (substantia nigra in the midbrain), leading to the impairment of motor abilities.
Biopsychosocial Approach Illuminates the importance of psychological and sociological study in medicine.
Biomedical Approach Focuses narrowly on the physical aspects of illness.
Social Constructionism Human actors construct or create "reality" rather than discovering a reality that has inherent validity.
Symbolic Interactionism Explains social behavior in terms of how people interact with each other via symbols.
Symbols Terms, concepts, or items that represent specific meanings by accepted convention.
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