HESI PHARMACOLOGY EXAM Q & A WITH RATIONALE GRADED A (LATEST UPDATE 2023-2024)

HESI PHARMACOLOGY EXAM Q & A WITH
RATIONALE GRADED A (LATEST UPDATE 2023-2024)



A older male client is being discharged after a myocardial infacrtion (MI) and receives a new prescription for atenolol. Which instruction is most important for the nurse to include in her clients teaching plan?
a. Avoid intake of alcoholic beverages.
b. Avoid driving or operating machinery.
c. Take a missed dose as soon as possible.
d. Standing slowly when getting up from bed - D.

A client who is taking an oral dose of tetracycline reports gastrointestinal upset. Which snack should the nurse instruct the client to take with the tetracycline? a. Fruit-flavored yogurt
b. Toasted wheat bread and jelly
c. Cold cereal with skim milk
d. Cheese and crackers - B.

The nurse is assessing the eyes of a client who just received mydriatic eye drops. Which physiological function of the eye will not respond during the therapeutic period after administration of eye drops? a. Refraction
b. Eye convergence
c. Pupillary constriction
d. Accommodation - C.


The healthcare provider prescribes vancomycin 500 mg IV every 12 hours for a client with methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Review of the client's laboratory values shows that serum peak and trough levels are within the desired therapeutic range and the serum creatinine level is 4.5 mg/dL. Which action should the nurse implement?
a. Withhold the next scheduled dose and contact the healthcare provider. b. Monitor the laboratory values until all prescribed doses have been given. c. Administer the next dose and flag the results for the healthcare provider. d. Insert a second IV catheter for the administration of emergency IV fluids. - A.

After taking orlistat for one week, a female client tells the home health nurse that she is experiencing increasingly frequent oily stools and flatus. Which action should the nurse take? a. Instruct the client to increase her intake of saturated fats over the next week. b. Obtain a stool specimen to evaluate for occult blood and fat content.
c. Ask the client to describe her dietary intake history for the last several days. d. Advise the client to stop taking the drug and contact her healthcare provider. - C.

6. A client receiving a heparin sodium infusion develops hemoptysis. The nurse reviews the client's
laboratory values to include hemoglobin 8 g/dL and platelet count of 50,000/mm3. Vital signs are: oxygen saturation 92% on 50% venturi mask, heart rate 130 beats/minute, respiration 32 breaths/minute, and blood pressure 76/50mmHg. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
a. Obtain consent for a blood transfusion.
b. Stop the heparin sodium infusion.
c. Titrate Venturi mask oxygen to 60%.
d. Administer protamine sulfate. - B.

The nurse is teaching a client with coronary artery disease about a newly prescribed medication, atorvastatin. The client plans to take the medication in the morning with breakfast. Which food choices are best for the nurse to recommend that the client should include with the meal? (select all that apply) a. Whole milk.
b. Low fat yogurt.
c. Oatmeal.
d. Sliced grapefruit.
e. Whole banana. - C, E

A client received succinylcholine, a depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent during surgery. Which assessment finding is most important for the nurse to report to the surgeon? a. Observable skin flushing. b. Ventricular tachycardia
c. Neck and shoulder pain
d. Blood pressure 114/72 mm/Hg - B.

A client, who has a myocardial infarction last year, has a daily prescription for aspirin 325 mg by mouth. Which assessment finding should alert the nurse to withhold the medication?
a. Low prothrombin time.
b. High white blood cell count.
c. Oral temperature of 97.9 F.
d. Low platelet count. - D.

A nurse administered a second dose of an opioid containing codeine and acetaminophen to a client fifteen minutes after a first dose was administered by another nurse, because the first dose was not documented in the medication record. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement? a. Assess the client's pain on a 10 point scale.
b. Obtain a serum liver enzyme panel.
c. Complete a medication error form.
d. Evaluate the client's vital signs. - D.

Azithromycin is presc