Test Bank Questions Critical Exam 3 and Final Exam
GRADED A+
ANS: A
A cardiac index of 1.2 L/min/m3 combined with the identified clinical assessment findings indicate a low cardiac output with fluid overload (bilateral crackles) requiring intervention. The remaining hemodynamic values are within normal limits: cardiac output of 4 L/min; pulmonary vascular resistance of 80 dynes/sec/cm-5; and the systemic vascular resistance of 1800 dynes/sec/cm-5. - The nurse is caring for a 100-kg patient being monitored with a pulmonary artery catheter. The nurse assesses a blood pressure of 90/60 mm Hg, heart rate 110 beats/min, respirations 36/min, oxygen saturation of 89% on 3 L of oxygen via nasal cannula. Bilateral crackles are audible upon auscultation. Which hemodynamic value requires immediate action by the nurse?
a.
Cardiac index (CI) of 1.2 L/min/m3 b.
Cardiac output (CO) of 4 L/min
c.
Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) of 80 dynes/sec/cm-5 d.
Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) of 1800 dynes/sec/cm-5
ANS: B
Low pulmonary artery occlusion pressures usually indicate volume depletion, so intravenous fluids would be indicated. Administration of diuretics would worsen the patient's volume status. Negative inotropes would not improve the patient's volume status. Vasopressors will increase blood pressure but are contraindicated in a low volume state. - While caring for a patient with a small bowel obstruction, the nurse assesses a pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP) of 1 mm Hg and hourly urine output of 5 mL. The nurse anticipates which therapeutic intervention?
a.
Diuretics b.
Intravenous fluids
c.
Negative inotropic agents d.
Vasopressors
ANS: B
Loose connections in hemodynamic monitoring tubing can lead to hemorrhage, a major complication of arterial pressure monitoring. Application of a pressure dressing is required only upon arte
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