FUNDAMENTAL OF NURSING EXAM WITH BEST SOLUTIONS

FUNDAMENTAL OF NURSING EXAM WITH BEST SOLUTIONS

The Nursing Process - -one of major guidelines for nursing practice
-helps nurses implement their roles
-integrates art and science of nursing
-allows nurses to use critical thinking and clinical reasoning
-defines the areas of care that are within the domain of nursing
Nurse Practice Acts - -define legal scope of nursing practice
-create state board of nursing to make and enforce rules and regulation
-define important terms and activities in nursing, including legal requirements and titles for
RNs and LPNs
- established criteria for the education and licensure of nurses
5 vital signs - respirations, pulse rate, blood pressure, temperature, and pain
health - a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence
of disease or infirmity
illness - the unique response of a person to a disease; an abnormal process involving
changed level of functioning
wellness - an active state of being healthy by living a lifestyle promoting good physical,
mental, and emotional health
nursing theory - differentiates nursing from other disciplines and activities in that it serves
the purposes of describing, explaining, predicting, and controlling desired outcomes of
nursing care practices
evidence-based practice (EBP) - a problem-solving approach to making clinical decisions,
using the best evidence available; blends both science and art of nursing so best outcomes
are achieved; may consist of specific nursing interventions or use guidelines established for
the care of patients
steps in implementing EBP - Step 1: ask a question about a clinical area of interest or an
intervention
Step 2: collect the most relevant and best evidence
Step 3: Critically appraise the evidence
Step 4: integrate the evidence w/ clinical expertise, patient preferences, and values in
making a decision to change
Step 5: evaluate the practice decision or change
Aims of Nursing - 1. To promote health
2. To prevent illness
3. To restore health
4. To facilitate coping with disability or death
To promote health - State of optimal functioning or wellbeing. not just absence of disease
To prevent illness - reduce risk for illness. promote good health habits, maintain optimal
functioning
To restore health - Nurse's responsibility to assess & teach levels of prevention
To facilitate coping w/ disability or death - Nurse's role to provide "comfort" care
Nursing is recognized as profession based on what criteria - -well defined body specific and
unique knowledge
-strong service orientation
-recognized authority by a professional group (ANA)
-code of ethics
-professional organization that sets standards
-ongoing research
-autonomy and self-regulation
Florence Nightingale - defined nursing as both an art and science, differentiated nursing
from medicine, created freestanding nursing education, published books; founder of modern
nursing