ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM FROM EXPERT

ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM FROM EXPERT

HSV - double stranded, enveloped DNA virus
Herpes transmission - direct contact of mucosa or broken skin shedding virus
mostly when asymptomatic
women acquire more infection
Herpes symptom timeline - 2-12 days after initial infection
herpes primary symptoms - bilateral painful genital lesions (last 10-21 days)
papules > vesicles > pustules
fever/mialgia
pain, itching, dysuria,discharge
Most commonly reported STI - Chlamydia, followed by Gonorrhea
Dyspnea - Uncomfortable breathing and feeling of not getting enough air
Orthopnea - experienced when an individual is in the horizontal position and
experiences dyspnea
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea - see in individuals with left ventricular failure who
wake up at night gasping for air.
Cheyne-Stokes Respirations - alternating periods of deep and shallow breathing
Bronchiolitis Obliterans - a fibrotic process that occludes the airways and scars the
lungs
Empyema - pus in the pleural space due to respiratory infection
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease - an obstruction of the airways that gets worse
during expiration
Emphysema - enlargement and destruction of alveolar walls with loss of elasticity and
trapping of air
Chlamydia trachomatis - obligate intracellular gram-negative bactria
Chlamydia transmission - Chlamydia transmission
Infected secretions
vaginal delivery
genitals to eyes (towels)
Chlamydia symptom timeline - -mostly asymptomatic (especially men)
-2 to 6 weeks after exposure (infectious during)
Life-cycle of C. trachomatis - Elementary bodies > into cell > reticulate bodies >
release from cell
Chlamydia men symptoms - more asymptomatic than females
-urethritis
-mucoid/watery discharge
-dysuria
- maybe conjuctivitis
-rare complication
Chlamydia women symptoms - -cervicitis
-urethritis
-non specefic symptoms
-confused with UTI (Dysuria, urine frequency)
-maybe conjunctivitis
-Complication: Pelvic Inflammatory disease (15%)
Neisseria gonorrhoeae - gram negative intracellular diplococcus
Gonorrhea transmission - infected secretions
vaginal delivery
Gonorrhea symptom timeline - -Men mostly symptomatic
-symptoms after 5-14 days of infection (infectious during)
Gonorrhea men symptoms - -urethritis
-purulent discharge (vs chlamydia)
-rare complication
Gonorrhea women symptoms - -cervicitis or urethritis
-Complications:
Pelvic Inflammatory disease or perihepatitis
Referred Pain - present in an area removed or distant from its point of origin
Extracerebral disorders - Include neoplasms, closed-head trauma with subsequent
bleeding, and subdural accumulation of pus
Intracerebral Disorders - Manifest as masses, these disorders include bleeding,
infarcts, emboli, and tumors