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HESI PHARMACOLOGY QUESTION BANK 100% VERIFIED QUESTIONS WITH RATIONALE 20231)Anurseiscaringforaclientwithhyperparathyroidismandnotesthattheclient'sserumcalcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer asprescribedtothe client?1.Calciumchloride2.Calciumgluconate3.Calcitonin(Miacalcin)4.LargedosesofvitaminD3.Calcitonin(Miacalcin)Rationale:The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is experiencing hypercalcemia.Calciumgluconateandcalciumchloridearemedicationsusedforthetreatmentoftetany,whichoccurs as a result of acute hypocalcemia. In hypercalcemia, large doses of vitamin D need to beavoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid hormone, decreases the plasma calcium level by inhibiting boneresorptionandlowering theserumcalcium concentration.10.)Theclinicnurseisperforminganadmissionassessmentonaclient.Thenursenotesthattheclient is taking azelaic acid (Azelex). Because of the medication prescription, the nurse wouldsuspectthat theclientisbeing treatedfor:1.Acne2.Eczema3.Hairloss4.Herpessimplex1. AcneRationale:Azelaic acid is a topical medication used to treat mild to moderate acne. The acid appears toworkbysuppressingthegrowthofPropionibacteriumacnesanddecreasingtheproliferationofkeratinocytes.Options2, 3,and 4areincorrect.100.)Saquinavir(Invirase)isprescribedfortheclientwhoishumanimmunodeficiencyvirusseropositive.Thenursereinforcesmedicationinstructionsandtellstheclientto:1.Avoidsunexposure.2.Eatlow-caloriefoods.3.Eatfoodsthatarelowinfat.4.Takethemedicationonanemptystomach.1.Avoidsunexposure.
HESI PHARMACOLOGY QUESTION BANK 100% VERIFIED QUESTIONS WITH RATIONALE 2023Rationale:Saquinavir (Invirase) is an antiretroviral (protease inhibitor) used with other antiretroviralmedications to manage human immunodeficiency virus infection. Saquinavir is administeredwithmealsandisbestabsorbediftheclientconsumeshigh-calorie,high-fatmeals.Saquinavircancausephotosensitivity,andthenurseshouldinstructtheclienttoavoidsunexposure.101.) Ketoconazole is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of candidiasis. Select theinterventionsthatthenurseincludeswhenadministeringthismedication.Selectallthatapply.1.Restrictfluidintake.2.Instructtheclienttoavoidalcohol.3.Monitorhepaticandliverfunctionstudies.4.Administerthemedicationwithanantacid.5.Instructtheclienttoavoidexposuretothesun.6.Administerthemedicationonanemptystomach.2.Instructtheclienttoavoidalcohol.3.Monitorhepaticandliverfunctionstudies.5.Instructtheclienttoavoidexposuretothesun.Rationale:Ketoconazole is an antifungal medication. It is administered with food (not on an emptystomach)andantacidsareavoidedfor2hoursaftertakingthemedicationtoensureabsorption.The medication is hepatotoxic and the nurse monitors liver function studies. The client isinstructed to avoid exposure to the sun because the medication increases photosensitivity. Theclient is also instructed to avoid alcohol. There is no reason for the client to restrict fluid intake.Infact,thiscouldbe harmfultotheclient.102.)Aclientwithhumanimmunodeficiencyvirusistakingnevirapine(Viramune).Thenurseshouldmonitorforwhichadverseeffectsofthemedication?Selectallthatapply.1.Rash2.Hepatotoxicity3.Hyperglycemia4.Peripheralneuropathy5.Reducedbonemineraldensity1.Rash
HESI PHARMACOLOGY QUESTION BANK 100% VERIFIED QUESTIONS WITH RATIONALE 20232. HepatotoxicityRationale:Nevirapine(Viramune)isanon-nucleosidereversetranscriptaseinhibitors(NRTI)thatisusedtotreat HIV infection. It is used in combination with other antiretroviral medications to treat HIV.Adverseeffectsincluderash,Stevens-Johnsonsyndrome,hepatitis,andincreasedtransaminaselevels.Hyperglycemia,peripheralneuropathy,andreducedbonedensityarenotadverseeffectsofthismedication.103.) A nurse is caring for a hospitalized client who has been taking clozapine (Clozaril) for thetreatmentofaschizophrenicdisorder.Whichlaboratorystudyprescribedfortheclientwillthenurse specifically review to monitor for an adverse effect associated with the use of thismedication?1.Plateletcount2.Cholesterollevel3.Whitebloodcellcount4.Bloodureanitrogenlevel3.WhitebloodcellcountRationale:Hematologicalreactionscanoccurintheclienttakingclozapineandincludeagr
HESI PHARMACOLOGY PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED DETAILED ANSWERS 100%COMPLETE GRADED A+
LATEST 2023-2024
1.3-year-old female client is receiving thyroid replacement hormone following a thyroidectomy.
What adverse effects associated with thyroid hormone toxicity should the nurse instruct the
client to report promptly to the healthcare provider?
A) Tinnitus and dizziness.
B) Tachycardia and chest pain.
C) Dry skin and intolerance to cold.
D) Weight gain and increased appetite. – ANS-B. Thyroid replacement hormone increases the
metabolic rate of all tissues, so common signs and symptoms of toxicity include tachycardia and
chest pain (B). (A, C, and D) do not indicate a thyroid hormone toxicity.
2.A category X drug is prescribed for a young adult female client. Which instruction is most
important for the nurse to teach this client?
A) Use a reliable form of birth control.
B) Avoid exposure to ultra violet light.
C) Refuse this medication if planning pregnancy.
D) Abstain from intercourse while on this drug. – ANS-A.
Drugs classified in the category X place a client who is in the first trimester of pregnancy at risk
for teratogenesis, so women in the childbearing years should be counseled to use a reliable form
of birth control (A) during drug therapy. (B) is not a specific precaution with Category X drugs.
The client should be encouraged to discuss plans for pregnancy with the healthcare provider, so a
safer alternative prescription (C) can be provided if pregnancy occurs. Although the risk of birth
defects during pregnancy explains the restriction of these drugs during pregnancy, (D) is not
indicated.
3.A client asks the nurse if glipizide (Glucotrol) is an oral insulin. Which response should the
nurse provide?
A. Yes it is an oral insulin and has the same actions and properties as intermediate insulin
B. Yes, it is an oral insulin and is distributed, metabolized, and excreted in the same manner as
insulin
C. No it is not an oral insulin and can be used only when some beta cell function is present
D. No, it is not an oral insulin, but it is effective for those who are resistant to injectable insulins
- ANSC
4.A client has a continuous IV infusion of dopamine and an IV of normal saline at 50ml/hour.
The nurse noes that the client's urinary output has been 20ml/hour for the last two hours. Which
intervention should the nurse initiate?
A. stop the infusion of dopamine
B. change the normal saline to a