Compiler Knowledge Quiz

A compiler is a software program that translates code written in a high-level programming language into machine code that a computers processor can execute.

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The main phases of a compiler are lexical analysis, syntax analysis, semantic analysis, intermediate code generation, optimization, and code generation.

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Lexical analysis is the first phase of a compiler where the source code is converted into tokens, which are the basic building blocks of the programming language.

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Lexical analyzers, or lexers, are commonly used for lexical analysis. Tools like Lex or Flex can generate lexers.

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Syntax analysis, or parsing, is the phase where the compiler checks the source code for grammatical structure based on the rules of the programming language.

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A parse tree, or syntax tree, is a hierarchical tree structure that represents the syntactic structure of the source code according to the grammar of the programming language.

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Semantic analysis is the phase where the compiler checks for semantic errors and ensures that the code makes sense logically, such as type checking and scope resolution.

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Intermediate code generation is the phase where the compiler translates the source code into an intermediate representation that is easier to optimize and translate into machine code.

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