Nclex-RN Practice Quiz Test Bank Questions 100 % correct answers with Detailed Explanation

Question Tag: hypertension
Question Category: Physiological Integrity, Reduction of
Risk Potential Which individual is at greatest risk for
developing hypertension?
• A. 45-year-old African-American attorney
• B. 60-year-old Asian-American shop owner
• C. 40-year-old Caucasian nurse
• D. 55-year-old Hispanic teacher
Correct Answer: A: 45-year-old African American attorney
• Option A: African-Americans develop high blood pressure at younger ages than other groups
in the US. Researchers have uncovered that African-Americans respond differently to
hypertensive drugs than other groups of people. They are alsofound out to be more sensitive
to salt, which increases the risk of developing hypertension.
• Option B: The incidence of hypertension in Asian-Americans does not appear to be
significantly higher than the general population, according to limited US data.
• Option C: The racial disparity in hypertension and hypertension-related outcomes has
been recognized for decades with African-Americans with greaterrisks than Caucasians.
• Option D: Hypertension prevalence rates in Hispanics may vary by gender andcountry
of origin. Hispanic Americans overall have relatively low levels of hypertension, despite
elevated levels of diabetes and obesity.
NCLEXRN-01-002
Question Tag: acetaminophen
Question Category: Physiological Integrity, Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
A 15-year-old female who ingested 15 tablets of maximum strength acetaminophen 45
minutes ago is rushed to the emergency department. Which of these orders should the
nurse do first?
• A. Gastric lavage
• B. Administer acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) orally
• C. Start an IV Dextrose 5% with 0.33% normal saline to keep the vein open
• D. Have the patient drink activated charcoal mixed with water
Correct Answer: A. Gastric lavage
• Option A: Acetaminophen overdose is extremely toxic to the liver causing
hepatotoxicity. Early symptoms of hepatic damage include nausea, vomiting,
abdominal pain, and diarrhea. If not treated immediately, hepatic necrosis occurs
and may lead to death. Removing as much of the drug as possible is the first step
in treatment for acetaminophen overdose, this is best done through gastric lavage.
Gastric lavage (irrigation) and aspiration consist of flushing the stomach with fluids
and then aspirating the fluid back out. This procedure is done in life-threatening
cases such as acetaminophen toxicity and only if less than one (1) hour has
occurred after ingestion.
• Option B: The oral formulation of acetylcysteine is the drug of choice for the
treatment of acetaminophen overdose but should be done after GI
decontamination with activated charcoal. Liver damage is minimized by giving
acetylcysteine (Mucomyst), the antidote for acetaminophen. Acetylcysteine
reduces injury by substituting for depleted glutathione in the reaction that converts
the toxic metabolite of acetaminophen to its nontoxic form. When given within 8
hours of acetaminophen toxicity, acetylcysteine is effective in preventing severe
liver injury. It is administered orally or intravenously.
• Option C: Intermittent IV infusion with Dextrose 5% may be considered for latepresenting or chronic ingestion.
• Option D: Oral activated charcoal (AC) avidly adsorbs acetaminophen and may be
administered if the patient presents within 1 hour after ingesting a potentially toxic
dose. Charcoal should not be administered immediately before or with antidotes
since it can effectively adsorb it and neutralize the benefits.
NCLEXRN-01-003
Question Tag: cardiac catheterization
Question Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment, Management of Care
Which complication of cardiac catheterization should the nurse monitor for in the initial
24 hours after the procedure?
• A. Angina at rest
• B. Thrombus formation
• C. Dizziness
• D. Falling blood pressure
Correct Answer: B. Thrombus formation
A thrombus formation may prevent blood from flowing normally through the circulatory
system, which may become an embolism, and block the flow of blood towards major
organs in the body.
• Option A: The reported incidence of myocardial infarction with angina at rest is
less than 0.1%, and is mostly influenced by patient-related factors like the extent
and severity of underlying cardiovascular-related diseases and technique-related
factors.
• Options C & D: A falling BP and dizziness occur along with hemorrhage of the
insertion site which is associated with the first 12 hours after the procedure.