NR546 Midterm Exam Questions And Answers 2023 Update A+

What should the PMHNP consider when prescribing chemical restraints? - Answer--
allergy status
-prior med hx for adverse drug reactions r/t the meds ordered in the chemical restraint
-state regulations regarding chemical restrains must be reviewed
Are the PMHNP and other staff liable if the client has an allergic reaction or adverse
side effects to the drugs used for chemical restraint? - Answer-No.
The client has been court-ordered to take the prescribed medications and the standing
order for chemical restraints is approved. The PMHNP and other staff are not liable if
the patient has an allergic reaction or adverse side effects.
How does reviewing the genetic makeup of a client help guide the PMHNP in selecting
medication for clients? - Answer--Genetic testing can assist by providing more
information on how clients may respond to certain psychotropic medications
-provides information on how a client may break down and metabolize medications
based on the cytochrome P450 system.
Tanrıkulu and Erbaş (2020) investigated identical twins to determine the presence of an
inherited link for schizophrenia and why one twin may develop schizophrenia when the
other does not. When two people have 100% identical DNA, why don't both persons
develop the exact illnesses? Studies of identical Danish twins found that if one twin had
schizophrenia, the other twin had a 50% lifetime risk of developing schizophrenia
(Lemvigh et al., 2020). Why is there only half the risk? - Answer-Both environmental and
psychosocial stressors can impact mental health. Although twins may have identical
genes, their gene expression may be different.
There may be an environmental exposure that turned a gene "on" that should have
been "off" for one twin to develop schizophrenia and not the other.
central sulcus - Answer-separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe
frontal lobe - Answer-associated with movement, intelligence, abstract thinking
broca's area - Answer-speech production
temporal lobe - Answer-involves object identification and auditory signals
cerebellum - Answer-coordination
wernicke's area - Answer-speech comprehensionoccipital lobe - Answer-primary visual area
parietal lobe - Answer-keeps us alert to what is going on around us
sensory cortex - Answer-pain, heat, and other sensations
motor cortex - Answer-movement
hippocampus - Answer-involved in both memory and anxiety
nucleus accumbens - Answer-involved in the reward process
thalamus - Answer-involved in sensory organ and motor command processing
striatum - Answer-involved in complex motor actions, also links cognition to motor
actions
limbic system - Answer-includes circuits that are associated with pleasure and reward
basal ganglia - Answer-group of structures involved in voluntary motor movements
amygdala - Answer-involved in emotional regulation and perception of odors
corpus callosum - Answer-controls the communication between the two brain
hemispheres
white matter - Answer-contains nerve fibers that connect neurons from different regions
into functional circuits
grey matter - Answer-contains nerve cells and dendrites
brain tissue - Answer-made up of grey matter and white matter
dorsal striatum - Answer-involved in complex motor actions and linkage of cognition to
motor actions
-main input area for basal ganglia
*activated when anticipating or engaging in pleasure
The field of epigenetics is rapidly growing and can help explain how gene expression is:
- Answer-influenced by environmental factors and how epigenetics contributes to the
manifestation of mental illness
How does epigenetics impact a person's mental health? - Answer-internal or external
factors activate portions of the genome that result in the manifestation of mental health
symptoms