Prefrontal Cortex Symptoms of MDD - ANSWER>> Concentration
Mental Fatigue
Mood
PFC & Amygdala Symptoms of MDD - ANSWER>> Guilt
Suicidality
Worthlessness
Striatum Symptoms of MDD - ANSWER>> Physical fatigue
Nucleus Accumbens Symptoms of MDD - ANSWER>> Pleasure interests
Hypothalamus Symptoms of MDD - ANSWER>> Sleep
Appetite
Thalamus & Hypothalamus Symptoms of Mania - ANSWER>> Decreased sleep/arousal
Striatum Symptoms of Mania - ANSWER>> Motor/agitation
Prefrontal cortex (PFC) Symptoms of Mania - ANSWER>> Risk-taking
Talkative/pressured speech
Nucleus Accumbens & PFC Symptoms of Mania - ANSWER>> Racing thoughts, grandiosity
PFC & Amygdala Symptoms of Mania - ANSWER>> Mood
Medication Management - ANSWER>> SSRI-Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
*Inhibit 5 HT reuptake
SNRI-Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors
*inhibit 5-HT reuptake
*inhibit NE reuptake (increase energy, focus)
*increase DA in prefrontal cortex (increase cognition)
NDRI-Norepinephrine Dopamine Reuptake inhibitors
*inhibit DA reuptake (increase alertness, motivation)
*inhibit NE reuptake (increase energy)
SARI-Serotonin Antagonist Reuptake Inhibitors
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs): Most adverse effects will subside after 4-5 days once the body
adjusts to increased serotonin levels. - ANSWER>> diarrhea
headache
weight gain
sexual side effects
Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs): Medications should not be abruptly stopped to avoid
discontinuation symptoms. NE effects of the medication may increase anxiety in some clients. Report
worsening anxiety to the provider. - ANSWER>> elevated blood pressure
anxiety
insomnia
constipation
Norepinephrine Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitors (NDRI): Take medication in the morning. Stop taking medication
if seizures occur. Stop taking medication if anxiety is noted. - ANSWER>> agitation
headache
dry mouth
constipation
weight loss
escitalopram (Lexapro) SSRI - ANSWER>> no known drug interactions
best tolerated SSRI
27-32 hour half-life good for forgetful prone clients
least CYP reactions
Substrate for 3A4
citalopram (Celexa) SSRI - ANSWER>> mild antihistamine effects; Half-Life: 23-45 hours
Weak Inhibitor of 2D6
fluoxetine (Prozac) SSRI - ANSWER>> longest half-life
Use caution in patients with comorbid anxiety due to risk for activation and panic attacks
Half-Life: 2-3 days parent, 2 week metabolite
Inhibits 2D6 and 3A4
paroxetine (Paxil) SSRI - ANSWER>> also treats social anxiety and insomnia
associated with weight gain
will experience withdrawal with missed dose or abrupt stop
Half-Life: 24 hours
Inhibits 2D6
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