Fundamentals of Nursing: Active Learning for Collaborative Practice 2nd Edition Covering Chapters 1-42

Yoost & Crawford: Fundamentals of Nursing: Active Learning for Collaborative
Practice, 2nd Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A group of nursing students are discussing the impact of nonnursing theories in clinical
practice. The students would be correct if they chose which theory to prioritize patientcare?
a. Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory
b. Paul’s Critical-Thinking Theory
c. Maslow’s Hierarchy ofNeeds
d. Rosenstock’s Health Belief Model
ANS: C
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs specifies the psychological and physiologic factors that affect
each person’s physical and mental health. The nurse’s understanding of these factors helps
with formulating Nursing diagnoses that address the patient’s needs and values to prioritize
care. Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory of Development and Socialization is based on
individuals’ interacting and learning about their world. Nurses use concepts of developmental
theory to critically think in providing care for their patients at various stages of their lives.
Rosenstock (1974) developed the psychological Health Belief Model. The modeladdresses
possible reasons for why a patient may not comply with recommended health promotion
behaviors. This model is especially useful to nurses as they educate patients.
DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.5 TOP: Planning
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs CNategRory:ISafGe anBd E.fCfectiMve Care Environment: Management of Care
NOT: Concepts: Care CoordinatiUon S N T O
2. A nursing student is preparing study notes from a recent lecture in nursing history. The
student would credit Florence Nightingale for which definition of nursing?
a. The imbalance between the patient and the environment decreases the capacity for
health.
b. The nurse needs to focus on interpersonal processes between nurse and patient.
c. The nurse assists the patient with essential functions toward independence.
d. Human beings are interacting in continuous motion as energyfields.
ANS: A
Florence Nightingale’s (1860) concept of the environment emphasized prevention and clean
air, water, and housing. This theory states that the imbalance between the patient and the
environment decreases the capacity for health and does not allow for conservation of energy.
Hildegard Peplau (1952) focused on the roles played by the nurse and the interpersonal
process between a nurse and a patient. Virginia Henderson described the nurse’s role as
substitutive (doing for the person), supplementary (helping the person), or complementary
(working with the person), with the goal of independence for the patient. Martha Rogers
(1970) developed the Science of Unitary Human Beings. She stated that human beings and
their environments are interacting in continuous motion as infinite energy fields.
DIF: Understanding OBJ: 1.4 TOP: Planning
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance
NOT: Concepts: Health Promotion
U S N
3. The nurse identifies which nurse established the American Red Cross during the CivilWar?
a. Dorothea Dix
b. Linda Richards
c. Lena Higbee
d. Clara Barton
ANS: D
Clara Barton practiced nursing in the Civil War and established the American Red Cross.
Dorothea Dix was the head of the U.S. Sanitary Commission, which was a forerunner of the
Army Nurse Corps. Linda Richards was America’s first trained nurse, graduating from
Boston’s Women’s Hospital in 1873, and Lena Higbee, superintendent of the U.S. Navy
Nurse Corps, was awarded the Navy Cross in 1918.
DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.3 TOP: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion andMaintenance
NOT: Concepts: Professionalism
4. The nursing instructor is researching the five proficiencies regarded as essential forstudents
and professionals. The nursing instructor identifies which organization would be found to
have added safety as a sixth competency?
a. Quality and Safety Education for Nurses(QSEN)
b. Institute of Medicine (IOM)
c. American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN)
d. National League for Nursing (NLN)
ANS: A
The Institute of Medicine repNort,RHeIalthGProBfe.ssCionMs Education: A Bridge to Quality (2003),
outlines five core competencies. These include patient-centered care, interdisciplinary
teamwork, use of evidence-based medicine, quality improvement, and use of information
technology. QSEN added safety as a sixth com