• A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a 2-year-old child who was found by his parents crying
and holding a container of toilet bowl cleaner. The child's lips are edematous and inflamed, and he isdrooling.
Which of the following is the priority action by the nurse?
a. Remove the child's contaminated clothing.
b. Check the child's respiratory status.
c. Administer an antidote to the child.
d. Establish IV access for the child.
Rationale: The nurse should apply the ABC priority-setting framework when answering this item. This
framework emphasizes the basic core of human functioning: having an open airway, being able to breathe in
adequate amounts of oxygen, and circulating oxygen to the body's organs via the blood. An alteration in any
of these can indicate a threat to life, and is therefore the nurse’s priority concern. When applying the ABC
priority setting framework, airway is always the highest priority because the airway must be clear and openfor
oxygen exchange to occur. Breathing is the second highest priority in the ABC priority setting framework
because adequate ventilatory effort is essential in order for oxygen exchange to occur.
Circulation is the third highest priority in the ABC priority setting framework because delivery of oxygen to
critical organs only occurs if the heart and blood vessels are capable of efficiently carrying oxygen to them.The
nurse observes that the child’s lips are edematous and inflamed and that he is drooling. These findingsindicate
that the child might have swelling of the oral cavity and pharynx, which can result in a compromised airway.
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