WISCONSIN PESTICIDE APPLICATORTURF AND LANDSCAPE EXAM WITH UPDATED QUESTIONS AND DETAILED CORRECT ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (ALREADY GRADED A+)

WISCONSIN PESTICIDE APPLICATORTURF AND
LANDSCAPE EXAM WITH UPDATED QUESTIONS
AND DETAILED CORRECT ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES (ALREADY GRADED A+)
Ch.2 List steps to take when applying herbicides to minimize adverse effects
in urban areas - ANSWER--Prevent spray drift, drift of volatile products,
runoff.
-Spray when weeds are most susceptible so the minimum amount of
herbicide results in maximum weed control.
-Use less volatile formations
-Apply on days when temps are less than 80 degrees F
-Avoid spraying during midsummer; garden plants and vegetables are more
susceptible.
-Avoid applying herbicides on dry, compacted soils
-Keep pesticides off impermeable surfaces
Chapter 2 Know the Law - ANSWER-State and local laws require
landowners to control certain weeds to prevent their spread and distribution
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Ch.3 Define plant disease and what causes it - ANSWER-Any harmful
change in the physiology and/or structure of a plant caused by some outside
agent.
Ch.3 List examples of the major groups of plant pathogens (7) - ANSWER--
Fungi (blights)
-Oomycetes (downy mildews) -Nematodes (root rot)
-Bacteria (fire blight
-Phytoplasmas (corn stunts)
-Viruses (soybean mosaic)-Viroids (potato spindle tuber)
Ch.3 Describe how the major groups of plant pathogens are spread from
plant to plant - ANSWER--Fungi: wind, rain splash, insect vectors
-Oomycetes: wind, rain splash, transfer of infested soil
-Nematodes: transfer of infested soil, infested planting stock
-Bacteria: rain splash, insect vectors, tools
-Phytoplasmas: only by insect vectors
-Viruses: insect vectors, mechanical transmission, rubbing of infected leaf to
another, seed borne, vegetative propagation
-Viroids: mechanical transmission, vegetative propagation
Ch.1 Contrast the difference between simple and complete metamorphosis -
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ANSWER--Simple: "Incomplete Metamorphosis"; 3 stages: egg, nymph, &
adult
-Complete: 4 distinct stages: egg, larva, pupa, & adult
Ch.1 Explain how temperature and humidity affect insect development -
ANSWER-*Temperature & humidity preferences vary for each insect.
*Combined effect of both on reproduction & development is more
dramatically different than the effect of either alone.
-Temperature: development is faster with heat & slower with cold temps;
insects die at the high levels of developmental threshold temps and become
inactive at low levels
-Humidity: effects insect diseases; effects moisture levels required for
survival
Ch.1 List the advantages and disadvantages of using insecticides
ANSWER-Advantages:
-Effective against economically damaging pests
-Can combine 1 or 2 insecticides to combat several pests
-They act quickly to control pests before reaching damaging levels
-For new pests, there are many compounds that have been proven effective
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-Effective insecticides, suitable formulations, & application equipment are
normally available
Disadvantages:
-Often eliminate beneficial insects, allowing target organisms to rebound
quickly
-Repeated exposure can lead to resistance in a pest population
-Yearly dependence on applications is an added cost
-Always a potential for drift, residues, and damage
Ch.1 List the general kinds of damage insect pests can cause - ANSWER--
Chew on seeds, roots, leaves, stems, & fruits
-Tunnel in roots, stems, & leaves
-Suck plant juices
-Promote gall formation and other malformations
-Inject toxins into plants -Transmit diseases to plants
-Create a nuisance for people
Ch.1 Describe the structural features of insects - ANSWER- Insects have:
body form has 3 regions: head, thorax, abdomen; 3 pairs of legs attached to
thorax; 0, 1, or 2 pairs of wings attached to thorax; 1 pair of antennae
Ch.1 Explain how to distinguish insects from other arthropods - ANSWERArthropods have: exoskeleton; body form has 2 regions: head & abdomen;