Pharmacology HESI latest Exam with All Correct Answers Graded A+ 2024/2025

The nurse reviews the new prescription, phenelzine (Nardil), a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI), for a client with depression on the psychiatric unit. Which information is most important for the nurse to assess? - ANSWER--Consumption of any alcohol or tyramine-rich foods.
A client experiencing pain from metastatic cancer is prescribed morphine. Which route of administration should the nurse clarify with the healthcare provider prior to administering the medication? - ANSWER--Oral.

The nurse is administering haloperidol 0.5 mg IM PRN to a client for the first time. What side effects should the nurse assess the client for during the initial dose? - ANSWER--Dystonia.

A client prescribed ipratropium reports nausea, blurred vision, headaches, and insomnia after using the inhaler. Which action should the nurse implement first? - ANSWER--Withhold medication and report symptoms and vital signs to healthcare provider.


The nurse administers 30 mL of lactulose for a client with stage 2 hepatic encephalopathy. Which assessment finding would indicate the medication is being therapeuitc? - ANSWER--A decrease in blood ammonia levels.

While reviewing the client's electronic medical record (EMR), the nurse assesses a client who is at risk for a possible interaction with an over-the-counter (OTC) decongestant. Which client health history should the nurse report to the healthcare provider concerning the OTC medication? (Select all that apply.) - ANSWER--Closed angle glaucoma.
Chronic hypertension.

The nurse is teaching a client who is newly diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes about neutral protamine Hagedor (NPH) insulin. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of how the medication works? - ANSWER--It facilitates the transport of glucose into the cells.

The nurse should withhold which medication if a client reports nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea? - ANSWER--Colchicine (Mitigare, Colcrys).

A client newly prescribed esomeprazole for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) asks the nurse how the medication will help. Which is the best explanation to provide the client? - ANSWER--It will promote rapid tissue healing.

A nurse is providing medication education for a client prescribed a beta-blocking agents for treatment of glaucoma. Which statement by the client demonstrates an understanding of the mechanism of the medication? - ANSWER--It inhibits the aqueous humor production.

A nurse is planning a teaching session for a client newly prescribed a miotic drug for the treatment of glaucoma. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching session? - ANSWER--The medication enhances the aqueous humor outflow.

The healthcare provider (HCP) prescribes a medication for an older adult client who is reporting insomnia, and the HCP instructs the client to return in two weeks. The nurse should question which prescription? - ANSWER--Eszopiclone (Lunesta) 10 milligrams orally at bedtime.
A client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis is experiencing profound weakness, blurry vision, and shooting pains in both legs. Which medication is considered the best course of treatment for the nurse to administer? - ANSWER--High dose methylprednisolone intravenously.

A client is diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease and receives a prescription for esomeprazole (Nexium) 20 mg capsule daily. When providing this client with discharge teaching, the nurse should include which instruction? - ANSWER--Take at same time each day one hour before eating a meal.

A client receives a new prescription for ciprofloxacin (Cipro), a synthetic quinolone. When teaching about this drug, which information in the client's history requires special emphasis by the nurse? - ANSWER--Works twenty hours a week as a lifeguard at the local pool.

The nurse administers the initial dose of a fentanyl (Duragesic) transdermal patch to a client. Which assessment finding should the nurse use to evaluate the effectiveness of the medication? - ANSWER--The number on the numeric pain scale.


The nurse is providing medication teaching for a client who recently received a prescription for clozapine (Clozaril). Which instruction should be included in this client's teaching plan? - ANSWER--Rise slowly from a lying position.

A client receives a new prescription for nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) tablets. Which instruction should the nurse include in this client's teaching? - ANSWER--Place under the tongue as needed every 5 minutes up to 3 times.

Which side effects should the nurse monitor for a client who is receiving dexamethasone (Decadron) following neurosurgery? (Select all that apply.) - ANSWER--Mood swings.
Increased weight gain.
Delayed incisional wound healing.
Serum hemoglobin level of 9 mg/dl.

A client prescribed sulfisoxazole for a urinary tract infection (UTI) reports nausea and gastric upset since starting the medication. Which additional assessment finding should the nurse report to the healthcare provider immediately? - ANSWER--Rash.
Based on the blood culture and sensitivity results, the healthcare provider prescribes an IV aminoglycoside antibiotic and discontinues the current prescription for another broad spectrum antibiotic. The medication administration record indicates that the client received the broad spectrum antibiotic two hours ago. Which action should the nurse implement? - ANSWER--Administer the initial dose of the aminoglycoside antibiotic as soon as possible.

What teaching should the nurse provide a client who has received a new prescription for sildenafil (Viagra)? (Select all that apply.) - ANSWER--Take within 30 to 60 minutes of sexual stimulation.
Report rebound priapism that occurs for 4 hours or more.
Can cause facial flushing and headache.

A client is administered an injection of medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera). Which physical finding should the nurse instruct the client is an expected side effect of the medication? - ANSWER--Vaginal bleeding or spotting.

A client who is receiving chemotherapy is prescribed ondansetron (Zofran). Which side effect should the nurse include in the teaching plan? - ANSWER--Headache.


The nurse is preparing to administer esomeprazole to a client for the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which finding in the client's history should the nurse hold the medication and notify the healthcare provider? - ANSWER--Treatment for deep vein thrombosis.

Which findings should the nurse identify in an adult client with possible chronic salicylate intoxication? - ANSWER--Tinnitus and hearing loss.

A client receives a prescription for tetracycline (Sumycin). Which instruction should the nurse include in the client's teaching? - ANSWER--Avoid diary products for 2 hours after taking the medication.
A client is diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease caused by Helicobacter pylori. Which medications should the nurse anticipate the healthcare provider to prescribe for the client? (Select all that apply.) - ANSWER--Clarithromycin (Biaxin).
Omeprazole (Prilosec).
Metronidazole (Flagyl).

A client experiencing ventricular dysrhythmias is admitted to the intensive care unit status post a myocardial infarction. The nurse should anticipate the healthcare provider to prescribe which medication? - ANSWER--Amiodarone.


A mother of a child prescribed methylphenidate hydrochloride for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) informs the school nurse she administers the medication at bedtime. Which instructions should the nurse recommend? - ANSWER--Administer the medication at least six hours before bedtime.

A client prescribed risperidone 10 mg/day for the past three months is being admitted to the hospital. Which physical assessment findings should the nurse report to the healthcare provider? - ANSWER--Tremors and muscle twitching.

A client prescribed clindamycin hydrochloride intravenously asks the nurse why blood has to be drawn before the third dose and one hour after the completion of the administration of the medication. Which information should the nurse provide the client to answer the question? - ANSWER--A small margin exists between safe and toxic plasma levels.
A client who is recently diagnosised with myasthenia gravis receives a prescription for pyridostigmine (Mestinon), a cholinergic agent. Which information should the nurse instruct the client to implement when taking this medication? - ANSWER--Take the medication at least 30 minutes before eating meals.

A pediatric client diagnosed with partial seizures receives a prescription for topiramate. Which information should the nurse provide to the child's parents? - ANSWER--Do not crush the tablet prior to administration