Pharmacology HESI RN QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWER GRADED A 2024/2025

Alprazolam (Xanax) - ANSWER-Benzodiazepine sedative−hypnotic: widely used in anxiety states, selectivity for panic attacks and phobias; possible antidepressant actions. Tox: psychologic and physical dependence, additive effects with other CNS depressants


Benzonatate (Tessalon Perles), Codeine, dextromethorphan - ANSWER-antitussives helps to reduce cough

Bisphosphonates (Fosamax) - ANSWER-used to treat osteoporosis, sit up for 30 mins after taking and take with a full glass of water on an empty stomach

calcium carbonate (Tums) and famotidine (Pepcid) - ANSWER-antacid, treatment is effective if heartburn is relieved, if taken with heart medications or Synthroid it will reduce the effectiveness of the drugs, decreases absorption of the medication

Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril) - ANSWER-Muscle relaxant/antispasmodic, Physical dependence - do not d/c abruptly

Desmopressin (DDAVP) - ANSWER-vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone). It is used in the management of diabetes insipidus. The nurse monitors the client's fluid balance to determine the effectiveness of the medication. Fluid status can be evaluated by noting intake and urine output, daily weight, and the presence of edema.

Digoxin (Lanoxin) - ANSWER-treats heart dysrhythmias, monitor heart rate, monitor their digoxin serum levels, normal serum level is 0.5-2, symptoms of digoxin toxicity include confusion, drowsiness, irregular pulse, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, vision changes (unusual), including blind spots, blurred vision, changes in how colors look or seeing halos

Diltiazem (Cardizem) - ANSWER-treats atrial dysrhythmias, calcium channel blocker, monitor BP and heart rate

Finasteride (Proscar) and Tamsulosin (Flomax) - ANSWER-Prostate Anti-inflammatory, treats BPH

Furosemide (Lasix) and Bumetanide - ANSWER-loop diuretic, treats hypertension, fluid retention, and heart failure, replace potassium

Gabapentin (Neurontin) - ANSWER-An anticonvulsant used to treat neuropathic pain, with super high doses good for anxiety, the patient will be drowsy, given with other anticonvulsant drugs

Glargine (Lantus) - ANSWER-Long-acting insulin Onset 1 hour Peak (minimal) Duration up to 24 hours, check blood sugar before giving any insulin, do not mix Lantas with any other insulin

Guaifenesin (Mucinex) - ANSWER-Category: Expectorant, Use: Productive and nonproductive cough, Precautions: Increase fluids if possible

Humalin R (regular) - ANSWER-onset: 30-60min, peak: 2-4 hrs, duration: 5-8 hrs, mix regular insulin first then immediate insulin last, cloudy then clear if hanging IV check blood sugar every hour, usually given to NPO patients

Humalog (insulin lispro) - ANSWER-Classification: Anti-diabetic pancreatic hormone Onset < 15 min, Peak 1-2 hours, duration 3-6 hours, do not give sooner than 15 minutes before a meal, Adverse Reactions: hypoglycemia

Ipratropium - ANSWER-long acting brochodilator, used for maintenance

Isoniazid (INH) - ANSWER-Antitubercular, monitor liver function, check for jaundice, they can be on it for 9 months to a year

Keppra (lev