NURS 5334 EXAM 2 ANSWERS ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 2 2024-2025

NURS 5334 EXAM 2 ANSWERS ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 2 2024-2025

Study Questions and Answers Exam 2
 What are the basic mechanisms by which neuropharmocologic agents act?
o Can modify the disease process
o Act at the sites of actions which is the axons versus synapses and steps in synaptic
transmission and effects of drugs on the steps of synaptic transmission
 Transmittter synthesis is the first step in transmission. What are the other 4 steps?
o Transmitter storage, transmitter release, receptor binding, and termination of the
transmission
 True or False: Neuropharmacologic drugs have high selectivity.
o True—the nervous system uses many different receptor types
 Information needed:
o Type of receptors—through which the drug acts
 Alpha and beta
o Normal responses to the activation of those receptors
 Agonists vs. antagonists
o What the drug in questions does to the receptor function
 What are the 3 functions of ANS?
o Regulates the heart
o Regulates the secretory glands, saliva glands, gastric, sweat, and bronchial
o It regulates smooth muscles: bronchi, blood vessels, urogenital system, and the GI tract
 What are the regulatory functions of the parasympathetic NS?
o Seven regulatory functions
 Slowing the heart rate
 Increasing the gastric secretions
 Emptying the bladder
 Emptying the bowel
 Focusing the eye for near vision,
 Constricting the pupil
 Contracting the bronchial smooth muscle
o It also regulates the digestion of food, excretion of waste, control of vision and
conservation of energy
 What are the functions of the sympathetic NS?
o Regulation of the cardiovascular system
 Maintaining blood flow to the brain
 Redistributing blood and compensating for the loss of blood
o Regulation of body temperature
 Regulates blood flow to the skin
 Promotes the secretion of sweat
 Induces piloerection (erection of the hair)
o Implementation of the fight or flight reaction
 Increase HR and BP
 Blood shuts away from the skin and visera
 Bronchi dilate
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 Pupils dilate
 Use energy that had been stored
 What is the baroreceptor reflex?
o The receptors near the heart monitor BP changes and send the information to the brain
o The brain then activates the Autonomic NS to restore blood pressure to normal
o When BP falls, this reflex causes vasoconstriction and increases cardiac output.
o When BP rises, it causes vasodilation and reduces cardiac output
 Where is acetylcholine employed?
o Most junctions at the peripheral nervous system
 Where is epinephrine and norepinephrine released?
o Norepinephrine—postganglionic neurons
o Epinephrine—adrenal medulla
 What are the cholinergic receptors mediated by?