ATI HESI FUNDAMENTA LS PRACTICE EXAM 2023- 2024 (Rationales)

ATI HESI
FUNDAMENTA
LS PRACTICE
EXAM 2023-
2024
(Rationales)
The nurse is instructing a client with high
cholesterol about diet and life style modification.
What comment from the client indicates that the
teaching has been effective?
A. "If I exercise at least two times weekly for one
hour, I will lower my cholesterol."
B. "I need to avoid eating proteins, including red
meat."
C. "I will limit my intake of beef to 4 ounces per
week."
D. "My blood level of low density lipoproteins needs
to increase." - ANSWER-C. "I will limit my intake of
beef to 4 ounces per week."
(Limiting saturated fat from animal food sources to
no more than 4 ounces per week (C) is an important
diet modification for lowering cholesterol. To be
effective in reducing cholesterol, the client should
exercise 30 minutes per day, or at least 4 to 6 times
per week (A). Red meat and all proteins do not need
to be eliminated (B) to lower cholesterol, but should
be restricted to lean cuts of red meat and smaller
portions (2-ounce servings). The low density
lipoproteins (D) need to decrease rather than
increase.)
The nurse mixes 50 mg of Nipride in 250 mL of D5W
and plans to administer the solution at a rate of 5
mcg/kg/min to a client weighting 182 lbs. Using a
drip factor of 60 gtt/mL, how many drops per
minute should the client receive? - ANSWER-124
gtt/min
The healthcare provider prescribes an IV infusion of
1000 ml of Ringer's Lactate w/ 30 units of Pitocin to
run in over 4 hours for a client who has just
delivered a 10 pound infant by cesarean section.
The tubing has been changed to a 20 gtt/ml
administration set. The nurse plans to set the flow
rate at how many gtt/min? - ANSWER-83 gtt/min
Which assessment data provides the most accurate
determination of proper placement of a nasogastric
tube? - ANSWER-Examining a chest x-ray obtained
after the tubing was inserted
Three days following a surgery, a male client
observes his colostomy for the first time. He
becomes quite upset and tells the nurse that it is
much bigger than he expected. What is the best
response by the nurse?
A. Reassure the client that he will become
accustomed to the stoma appearance in time.
B. Instruct the client that the stoma will become
much smaller when the initial swelling diminishes.
C. Offer to contact a member of the local ostomy
support group to help him with his concerns.
D. Encourage the client to handle the stoma
equipment to gain confidence with the procedure. -
ANSWER-B. Instruct the client that the stoma will
become smaller when the initial swelling diminishes
(Postoperative swelling causes enlargement of the
stoma. The nurse can teach the client that the
stoma will become smaller when swelling is
diminished (B). This will help reduce the client's
anxiety and promote acceptance of the colostomy.
(A) does not provide helpful teaching or support. (C)
is a useful action, and may be taken after the nurse
provides pertinent teaching. The client is not yet
demonstrating readiness to learn colostomy care.
(D)
A female client with a nasogastric tube attached to
low suction states that she is nauseated. The nurse
assesses that there has been no drainage through
the nasogastric tube in the last two hours. What
action should the nurse take first