NR566-ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY FOR CARE OF
THE FAMILY FINAL LATEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED ANSWERS (GRADED A+)
Function/mechanism of combination OC - ANSWER-reduce fertility
primarily by inhibiting ovulation.
Role of Progestin in combination OC - ANSWER-acts in the hypothalamus
and pituitary to suppress the midcycle luteinizing hormone surge, which
normally triggers ovulation.
Role of Estrogen in combination OC - ANSWER-suppresses release of
follicle-stimulating hormone from the pituitary (and thereby inhibits
follicular maturation),
Most common non-contraceptive use of estrogens. - ANSWER-Hormone
therapy (HT) in postmenopausal women
Prevention of osteoporosis with hormone replacement therapy - ANSWERHT reduces postmenopausal bone loss and thereby decreases the risk for
osteoporosis and related fractures. Unfortunately, when HT is stopped,
bone mass rapidly decreases by approximately 12%. Hence to maintain
bone health, HT must continue lifelong.
2
When to use progestin for hormone replacement therapy and why -
ANSWER-to counterbalance estrogen-mediated stimulation of the
endometrium, which can lead to endometrial hyperplasia and cancer.
When not to use progestin for hormone replacement therapy and why -
ANSWER-Progestins should not be prescribed as HRT for women who have
undergone hysterectomy.
Local vs. systemic estrogen options and why one would be chosen over
the other - ANSWER-Compared with oral formulations of estrogen, the
transdermal formulations have four advantages:
• The total dose of estrogen is greatly reduced (because the liver is
bypassed).
• There is less nausea and vomiting.
• Blood levels of estrogen fluctuate less.
• There is a lower risk for DVT, pulmonary embolism, and stroke
(2) main categories of OCs: - ANSWER-(1) those that contain an estrogen
plus a progestin, known as combination OCs, and (2) those that contain
just a progestin, known as "minipills" or progestin-only OCs
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