ATI PN MED SURG 2024 EXAM / ATI PN MEDICAL SURGICAL 2024 PROCTORED EXAM 180 QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS AND RATIONALES

A nurse is caring for a client who is 1 day postoperative following a hip arthroplasty.
The client exhibiting hypotension, tachycardia, and tachypnea. The nurse should
recognize that these findings indicate which of the following complications? -
....ANSWER...Pulmonary embolism.
Rationale:
Manifestations of a pulmonary embolism include hypotension, tachycardia, and
tachypnea.
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Manifestations of a wound infection include fever, inflammation of the incision, and
foul-smelling drainage. Hypotension, tachycardia, and tachypnea do not indicate a
wound infection in a client who is 1 day postoperative.
Thrombophlebitis is the inflammation of a blood vessel, which can lead to a
thrombus formation. Hypotension, tachycardia, and tachypnea do not indicate
thrombophlebitis.
Paralytic ileus is the absence of bowel peristalsis, or movement. Hypotension,
tachycardia, and tachypnea do not indicate a paralytic ileus.
A nurse is caring for a client who has an area indicating potential breakdown over
the sacrum. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? -
....ANSWER...Minimize the time the head of the bed is elevated.
Rationale:
The nurse should minimize the time the head of the bed is elevated to reduce
pressure on the sacral area.
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The nurse should collect further data before determining what type of dressing is
needed. For a stage 1 pressure injury, skin preparation can be applied to preserve
the integrity of the skin and prevent further direct injury. Alternatively, a dressing
such as a hydrocolloid or transparent dressing can be applied. However, gauze
dressings are not used in the treatment of a stage 1 pressure injury.
The nurse should not massage nor apply moisturizing lotion to an area indicating
potential breakdown because it can cause further skin injury.
The nurse should not place a donut-shaped cushion under the client's sacral area
because it can contribute to the development of a pressure injury.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with an adolescent client regarding testicular selfexamination. Which of the following statements by the client demonstrates an
understanding of the teaching? - ....ANSWER..."I understand that testicular cancer is
typically painless."
Rationale:
Clients should report a lump that is not painful because testicular cancer is typically
painless.
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Clients should perform a testicular self-examination after a warm shower.
Clients should perform a testicular self-examination monthly.
Clients should report pea-sized lumps in the testes to a provider.
A nurse is preparing intermittent urinary catheterization for a female client who has
been unable to void following surgery 6 hr ago. Which of the following catheters
should the nurse use to perfrom this procedure? - ....ANSWER...Choice B
(A purple tip tube )
Rationale: This is an intermittent straight catheter and is the correct catheter for the
nurse to use.
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has hypothyroidism. Which of the
following manifestations should the nurse anticipate? - ....ANSWER...Bradycardia
Rationale:
The nurse should identify that bradycardia is a manifestation of hypothyroidism that
is caused by a decrease in the client's metabolic rate.
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Blurred vision is a manifestation of hyperthyroidism.
The nurse should identify that insomnia is a manifestation of hyperthyroidism that is
caused by an increase in the client's metabolic rate.
The nurse should identify that weight loss is a manifestation of hyperthyroidism
caused by an increase in the client's metabolic rate.