NEW BIO251 - EXAM 2 ACTUAL EXAM WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADE A+
3 main process of DNA replication - -answer-- initiation
- elongation
- termination
Central Dogma - -answer-DNA -> RNA -> Protein
The process by which DNA is used to encode proteins
what some of the characteristics of transcription/RNA - -
answer-- Only specific regions are copies
- RNA strands are produced, which do not bind with the DNA
(exist as single strands)
- No proofreading
what are the 5 steps in transcription - -answer-Step 1: RNA
polymerase binds to the promoter (a regulatory region directly
upstream of the gene) and initiates DNA unraveling
Step 2 : RNA polymerase facilitates the assembly of free
ribonucleotides into chains of RNA, using the DNA as a template
Step 3: The RNA polymerase continues along the gene adding to
the RNA chain, which does not permanently pair with the DNA,
but exists as a single strand
Step 4: RNA synthesis continues until the RNA polymerase
encounters a specific region of DNA known as a terminator
Step 5: Once the terminator is reached, the RNA polymerase
stalls and a rho termination protein facilitates the RNA
polymerase and RNA strand to disassociate from the DNA
The DNA is re-wound and the RNA is free to go on to the next
step
name for groups of 3 base pairs of the mRNA - -answer-codons
how many codons are non-coding or stop codons? - -answer-3
are non-coding or stop codons
only 61 of the 64 encode amino acids
which molecule can bind both RNA and amino acids - -answerT-RNA
group of three bases on a tRNA molecule that are
complementary to an mRNA codon - -answer-Anticodon
t-RNA is considered to be "charged" - -answer-when an amino
acid is bound to t-RNA
how many different t-RNA there are - -answer-64, one for each
codon
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