NUSC 1165 Exam 2 Latest 2024 With Verified
Questions And Answers (GRADED A+)
Glycogen - ANSWER-Polysaccharides ("many sugars")
The storage form of carbohydrates in animals comprised of highly
branched chains of glucose molecules
Stored in the muscle and liver
Transit time - ANSWER-The amount of time it takes for food to pass
through the length of the digestive tract
Healthy adults 24-72 hours
Muscus - ANSWER-Viscous fluid secreted by the glands of the GI tract
Responsible for lubricating and protecting the digestive tract from harsh
environments
Enzymes - ANSWER-Protein molecules that speed up the rate of chemical
reactions without undergoing any change
Assist with breaking down carbohydrate, protein, and fats into smaller
components
Nerve signals - ANSWER-Stimulated by the thought, sight, smell, and
presence of food
Causes muscle contractions that churn, mix, and propel food through the
gut
Stimulate or inhibit gastric secretions
2
Coordinate digestive activity with other functions
Hormones - ANSWER-Chemical messengers produced in an organ that is
released into the blood and generates a response at other locations
within the body
Helps to prepare different areas of the gut for the arrival of food
Regulates nutrient digestion and the rate of food moving through the
system
Cephalic response - ANSWER-Involves signals from the nervous system
The sights, sounds, and smells of food prepare the digestive system to
process the food components
Mouth - ANSWER-Entry point of food in the digestive tract
Mechanical processing - ANSWER-Chewing of food to form a bolus
Chemical processing - ANSWER-Saliva is produced in the salivary glands
Moistens of food, cleanses mouth, protects teeth, and lubricates the
upper digestive tract
Salivary amylase - ANSWER-Starts starch breakdown in the mouth
Lysozyme - ANSWER-Blocks bacterial growth that contributes to tooth
decay
3
Pharynx - ANSWER-Funnel-shaped opening responsible for swallowing the
food contents
Shared by both the digestive and respiratory system
Epiglottis - ANSWER-Blocks air passages to the lungs as the food moves
down the digestive tract
Peristalsis - ANSWER-Muscular contractions that moves the food down
the esophagus
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