CEN Practice Test Study Guide 2023 Graded A

CEN Practice Test Study Guide 2023
Graded A
Preload refers to:
a. The volume of blood entering the left side of the heart
b. The volume of blood entering the right side of the heart
c. The pressure in the venous system that the heart must overcome to pump the blood
d. The pressure in the arterial system that the heart must overcome to pump the blood -
b. The volume of blood entering the right side of the heart
Preload is the volume of blood that enters the right side of the heart. This volume
stretches the fibers in the heart prior to contraction. Preload is commonly measured as
atrial pressure.
The patient is brought to the ED with an anterior ST-elevation myocardial infarction
(STEMI). You are assessing him for possible administration of fibrinolytics. An absolute
contraindication for this treatment is:
a. The patient's pain is not relieved by medications.
b. Symptoms began 36 hours before arrival.
c. The patient has received aspirin in the last 2 hours.
d. The patient had a previous MI 6 years ago. - b. Symptoms began 36 hours before
arrival.
Fibrinolytic therapy is generally NOT recommended for patients whose symptoms
began more than 12 hours before arrival. Fibrinolytics should not be given if the onset of
symptoms was more than 24 hours before arrival UNLESS a posterior MI is diagnosed.
In this case, the MI was anterior.
The team is performing CPR on a patient. The rhythm that will respond to an electrical
shock is:
a. Asystole
b. PEA
c. Ventricular fibrillation
d. SVT - c. Ventricular fibrillation
Ventricular fibrillation and pulseless ventricular tachycardia are the two rhythms that are
considered to be "shockable" cardiac arrest rhythms. Although asystole and PEA are
cardiac arrest rhythms, they will not respond to electrical shock.
When suctioning during a cardiac arrest, suctioning should be limited to which of the
following?
a. Less than 5 seconds
b. Less than 10 seconds
c. Less than 20 seconds
d. Less than 30 seconds - b. Less than 10 seconds
According to the 2010 BLS and ACLS guidelines, suctioning for longer than 10 seconds
may result in pulling too much oxygen out of the airways resulting in hypoxemia.
Possible causes of cardiac arrest include all of the following EXCEPT:
a. Hypervolemia
b. Hypoxia
c. Hypokalemia
d. Tension Pneumothorax - a. Hypervolemia
Common causes of cardiac arrest are known as the H's and T's and include:
hypovolemia (NOT hypervolemia), hypoxia, hydrogen ion excess (acidosis), hypo or
hyperkalemia, hypothermia, tension pneumothorax, tamponade, toxins, and thrombosis
(pulmonary or coronary). Correction of these causes can often reverse a cardiac arrest.
You are providing ventilations using a Bag-mask device. Suddenly, you do not see the
patient's chest rise with the ventilation. You reposition the patient to ensure an open
airway. When you attempt to ventilate, you do not see his chest rise. The most likely
cause of this is:
a. The bag-mask device is faulty
b. Airway obstruction
c. The patient has suffered an MI
d. Cardiac tamponade - b. Airway obstruction
The most likely cause of the failure of the chest to rise during ventilations is an airway
obstruction. Although a faulty bag-mask device is a possibility, it is unlikely that it would
fail in the middle of providing ventilations.
According to American Heart Association ACLS guidelines, cricoid pressure during
intubation:
a. Should be done in all cases.
b. Is no longer recommended.
c. Should only be done on children.
d. None of the above. - b. Is no longer recommended.