ATI MED SURG FORM A EXAM SOLUTIONS WITH EXPLANATION
A nurse is caring for an older client who has chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease with pneumonia. The
nurse should monitor the client for which of the
following acid-base imbalances?
a) respiratory alkalosis
b) respiratory acidosis
c) metabolic alkalosis
d) metabolic acidosis - ANSWER-b) respiratory acidosis
Respiratory acidosis is a common complication of COPD.
This complication occurs because clients who have
COPD are unable to exhale carbon dioxide due to a loss
of elastic recoil in the lungs.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a tracheostomy
with an inflated cuff in place. Which of the following
findings indicated that the nurse should suction the
client's airway secretions?
a) the client is unable to speak
b) the client's airway secretions were last suctioned 2 hr
ago
c) the client coughs and expectorates a large mucous
plug
d) the nurse auscultates coarse crackles in the lung field -
ANSWER-d) the nurse auscultates coarse crackles in the
lung field
The nurse should auscultate coarse crackles or rhonchi,
identify a moist cough, hear or see secretions in the
tracheostomy tube, and then suction the client's airway
secretions.
A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client who
states he was recently exposed to tuberculosis. Which of
the following findings is a clinical manifestation of
pulmonary tuberculosis?
a) pericardia friction rub
b) weight gain
c) night sweats
d) cyanosis of the fingertips - ANSWER-c) night sweats
Night sweats and fevers are clinical manifestations of
tuberculosis.
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