Anatomy and Physiology for Health Professionals 3rd Edition QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS100% 2023/2024 MIDTERM AND FINAL EXAM

Anatomy and Physiology for Health Professionals 3rd
Edition QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS100%
2023/2024 MIDTERM AND FINAL EXAM
skeletal muscle - ANSWERS striated and voluntary
smooth muscle - ANSWERS involuntary muscle and non striated. found in internal
organs
cardiac muscle - ANSWERS Involuntary muscle tissue found only in the heart.
Sarcolemma - ANSWERS muscle cell membrane
Endomysium - ANSWERS The delicate connective tissue surrounding the individual
muscular fibers within the smallest bundles
Perimysium - ANSWERS Connective tissue surrounding a fascicle
Fascicle - ANSWERS bundle of muscle fibers. plural is fasciculi
Epimysium - ANSWERS surrounds entire muscle
fascia - ANSWERS a band or sheet of fibrous connective tissue that covers, supports,
and separates muscle
Myosin - ANSWERS Thick filament of protein found in skeletal muscle cells. called the
A-bands
Actin - ANSWERS thin filaments of protein found in skeletal muscle cells. Called the Ibands
Z line - ANSWERS found on the central region of the I-bands
H zone - ANSWERS where myosin filaments are thickest
Sarcomere - ANSWERS the area between two adjacent Z lines. Where the actual
process of muscle contraction occurs at a molecular level
Sarcotubular system - ANSWERS T system and sarcoplasmic reticulum
T system - ANSWERS A set of tubules that traverse the skeletal muscle, conduct the
action potential deep into the cell, and stimulate the sarcoplasmic reticulum to release
calcium ions
sarcoplasmic reticulum - ANSWERS stores calcium
motor unit - ANSWERS A motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it innervates
Excitability - ANSWERS ability to respond to stimuli
Elasticity - ANSWERS The ability of a material to bounce back after being disturbed
Conductability - ANSWERS ability to transmit an impulse
Contractility - ANSWERS ability to shorten when an adequate stimulus is received
resting potential - ANSWERS The inside of a cell is negatively charged. The outside of
a cell is positively charged.
Acetylcholine - ANSWERS neurotransmitter chemical released at the ends of nerve
cells
action potential - ANSWERS nerve impulse
troponin and tropomyosin - ANSWERS inhibitor substances
Phosphocreatine - ANSWERS found in muscle tissue; provides a rapid source of highenergy ATP for muscle contraction
muscle twitch - ANSWERS a single momentary muscle contraction, and is the
response to a single stimulus.
muscle tone - ANSWERS the state of balanced muscle tension that makes normal
posture, coordination, and movement possible
isotonic contraction - ANSWERS muscles contract and shorten, tensions remains the
same
isometric contraction - ANSWERS Muscle contracts but there is no movement, muscle
stays the same length
origin - ANSWERS attachment of a muscle that remains relatively fixed during
muscular contraction
Insertion - ANSWERS attachment to movable bone
Aponeurosis - ANSWERS A broad, flat tendon
Tendon - ANSWERS Connects muscle to bone
Agonist - ANSWERS muscle that contracts to produce a movement; prime mover
Antagonist - ANSWERS muscle that opposes or reverses a prime mover
Synergist - ANSWERS Muscle that assists a prime mover
Occipitalis - ANSWERS draws scalp backward
Frontalis - ANSWERS raises eyebrows
zygomaticus minor - ANSWERS retracts and elevates upper lip
zygomaticus major - ANSWERS elevates corner of mouth as in laughing
levator labii superioris - ANSWERS raises upper lip
levator labii superioris alaeque nasi - ANSWERS raises upper lip and opens nostril
Buccinator - ANSWERS compr