2024 VTNE Surgical Nursing Exam 5 GRADED A+ (ACTUAL EXAM ) Questions and Answers (Solved)

1. A dog has dislocated his hip joint and the doctor has reduced the dislo- cation.
What can be used to hold the hip in place?
Answer: Ehmer sling (The Ehmer sling is a figure-eight type of bandage that keeps
the affected hindlimb in the flexedposition.When the hip is dislocated, the joint
capsule becomes torn.The goal of theEhmer sling is to hold the hip joint in place
after the joint has been reduced back tonormal positioning to allow the joint capsule
to heal. This sling provides abduction and internal rotation of the femur and flexion
of the knee.)
2. A 6-month old puppy has presented to the hospital with a history of severe
straining to defecate. A fecal float identifies a severe parasitic infection. An
abdominal ultrasound was performed, and the doctor identified that one of the loops
of intestine wastelescoping into anothersegment of intestine.Whatis this called?
Answer: Intussusception (This question is describing an envagination of intestine
into an adjacent segment of intestine. The part which prolapses into the other is
called the intussusceptum, and the part which receives it is called the
intussuscipiens.
Evisceration refers to the removal of organs from body, usually from the abdomen.
A hydrometra isthe word used to describe fluid in the uterus.If the uterus were filled
with pus, it would be referred to as a pyometra. Strangulation of a loop of intestine
results in a point of constriction which then impedes circulation.)
3. A tibial fracture needs to be repaired. The surgeon is intending to place a bone
plate on the medial aspect of the tibia. How should the patient be positioned and
prepped?
Answer: Dorsal recumbency with affected leg temporarily hung untilthe patient is
draped (The best positioning is that which will allow the surgeon goodaccess to the
proposed surgical site while ideally keeping the patient comfortable.
Any time surgery is being performed on the tibia, the leg should be hung while it is
being prepped for surgery. Sometimes the surgeon will prefer the leg to stay
hung while performing the repair. Such an approach helps maintain retraction onthe
bone fragments and thus reduce the fracture. This is common practice when placing
external fixators.
When placing bone plates, the surgeon will usually opt to "cut" the leg down and layit
such that the lateral side is against the surgery table.This will allow for an incision
into the medial aspect of the tibia.Thisisthe preferred location asthere is not nearlyas
much musculature on this side. This allows an easier approach and dissection, and
reduces morbidity. Therefore the best answer is to have the patient in dorsal
recumbency with the limb temporarily hung until the patient is draped.)