Medical-Surgical Nursing Final 2023 EXAMS

Medical-Surgical Nursing Final 2023
EXAMS
lispro insulin (humulog) - CORRECT ANSWERS rapid acting insulin
onset of lispro insulin (humolog) - CORRECT ANSWERS under 15 minutes
peak of lispro insulin (humulog) - CORRECT ANSWERS 30 min to 1.5 hours
when to administer lispro insulin (humulog) - CORRECT ANSWERS 0-15 minutes
prior to a meal
regular insulin (Humulin R, Novolin R) - CORRECT ANSWERS short acting insulin
onset of regular insulin (humulin R, Novolin R) - CORRECT ANSWERS 30 min to 60
minutes
peak of regular insulin (humulin R, Novolin R) - CORRECT ANSWERS 2 to 3 hours
when to administer regular insulin (humulin R, Novolin R) - CORRECT ANSWERS 30
minutes before a meal
lente insulin (humulin L) - CORRECT ANSWERS intermediate acting insulin
onset of lente insulin - CORRECT ANSWERS 1 to 2 hours
when to administer lente insulin - CORRECT ANSWERS does not need to be with a
meal
peak of lente insulin - CORRECT ANSWERS 4 to 12 hours
insulin glargine - CORRECT ANSWERS long acting insulin
precautions with insulin glargine (lantus) - CORRECT ANSWERS insulin glargine
cannot be mixed with other insulins!!, the action may be affected in an unpredictable
manner.
onset of insulin glargine - CORRECT ANSWERS 1-1.5 hours
peak of insulin glargine - CORRECT ANSWERS has no peak...lasts 24 hr
storage for insulin - CORRECT ANSWERS insulin vials should be stored in a
refrigerator or they can be kept at room temperature for up to 28 days. cartridges and
pens should be stored at room temperature and used within 28 days..
glucagon - CORRECT ANSWERS a drug used to treat hypoglycemia. raises blood
glucose levels
side effects of glucagon - CORRECT ANSWERS n/v, hypotension, hypersensitivity, &
hypokalemia
administration of glucagon - CORRECT ANSWERS can be given SQ, IM, or IV. then
as soon as the patient is awake, give the patient some carbohydrate snack
mixing insulin - CORRECT ANSWERS whenever mixing insulin, the short acting
(regular/humilin R) insulin is drawn up first in order to prevent contamination. short
acting is clear insulin and intermediate acting (humilin L/lente) is cloudy, so it is drawn
up clear then cloudy. insulin glargine cannot be mixed with any kind of insulin.
metformin - CORRECT ANSWERS the most common oral hypoglycemic medication
for pre diabetic patients and non insulin dependent type 2 diabetes. is not used to treat
type 1.
administration of metformin - CORRECT ANSWERS taken each day. administer WITH
food in order to prevent GI upset. also take vitamin B12 and folic acid supplements
side effects of metformin - CORRECT ANSWERS GI effects including anorexia, n/v,
HA, abdominal gas/pain, metallic taste, hypoglycemia,
LACTIC ACIDOSIS!! (unexplained muscle aches, fatigue, lethargy and hyperventilation)
*ok for pregnancy
precautions taking metformin - CORRECT ANSWERS needs to be stopped 48 hours
before any type of radiographic test with iodinated contrast dye and can't be resumed
until 48 hours after because this can cause lactic acidosis or ARF. watch renal function
when taking metformin.
when to d/c metformin - CORRECT ANSWERS immediately if unexplained
hypoxemia, dehydration, or signs of lactic acidosis
what foods increase risk of hypoglycemia with oral anti diabetic drugs - CORRECT
ANSWERS celery, coriander, dandelion root, garlic, ginseng
Diabetes mellitus - CORRECT ANSWERS is a systemic, chronic, and progressive
metabolic disease that requires lifelong lifestyle modification. people with DM have the
inability to metabolize carbohydrates, proteins, and fats