Medical Model - disability as a problem of the person, directly caused by disease, trauma, or other health condition which therefore requires sustained medical care provided in the form of individual treatment by professionals.
~ Management is aimed at a cure, or individual adjustment and behavioral change
~ medical care viewed as main issue
~ political response is to reform healthcare
Strengths: addresses biological sources of disabilities through cures or medical management
Weaknesses: treats disability as a problem or inherent characteristic of the indvidual, overlooks broader sociopolitical constraints imposed by unwelcoming or inaccessible environments
Social Model - views disability as a socially created problem, a matter of the full integration of individuals into society. Disability is a complex collection of conditions, many of which are created by the social environment.
~ social action
~ society needs to make environmental modifications
~ cultural and ideological
~ large-scale cultural change
~ equal access as a human rights issue
Strenghts: Focuses on disabling conditions in the environment and makes clear they are not solely a characteristic of individual's "broken" body. Encourages design to accommodate a wide range of human characteristics and abilities
Weaknesses: downplays the embodied aspects of disabilities too much, push for social justice puts activitists at odds with other political interests, antagonizes relationships, creates resolute political adversaries.
Economic Model - Defines disability by a person's inability to work. Assesses degree to which impairment affect's individual productivity and economic consequences for individual, employer, and state.
~ loss of earnings for/payment for assistance by individual
~ lower profit margins for employer
~ State welfare payments
Strengths: recognizes the affect of bodily limitations on a person's ability to work and for economic support and/or accommodation
Weaknesses: creates a legally-defined category of people who are "needy", stigmatizing for people with disabilities, if individual's do not meet legal threshold may not receive needed support
I am a student like you, I create notes to help my fellow students excel amidst tight deadlines and never ending responsibilities. Hope the study materials that you will find here will help reduce your college workload.
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Tijdens mijn studie aan de Arteveldehogeschool en KU Leuven heb ik opdrachten gemaakt die ik nu via Knoowy deel met andere studenten.
Prima website waar veel kennis te vinden is. De website heb ik gevonden door te zoeken naar samenvattingen.
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Nadat ik Knoowy ontdekt heb, ga ik regelmatig op zoek naar eventuele bruikbare samenvattingen! Heel erg handig!
Knoowy neemt toch wel wat stress voor de examenperiode weg. De samenvattingen geven een goede houvast bij het studeren waardoor je zekerder wordt van jezelf bij het studeren. Ideaal voor wie in tijdsnood zit of gewoon een extra overzicht wil hebben van het vak.
Ik vind Knoowy de max! Door de hulp van andere studenten kan ik mijn examens makkelijker halen.
Jullie website is top! Het heeft me al veel geholpen. Zeker omdat ik thuis studeer!