ATI MED SURG PRACTICE 2023-2024 EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAIED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES VERIFIED ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+

ATI MED SURG PRACTICE 2023-2024
EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAIED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
VERIFIED ANSWERS ALREADY
GRADED A+
A nurse is caring for client who is experiencing supraventricular tachycardia. Upon
assessing the client, the nurse observes the following findings: heart rate 200/min,
blood pressure 78/40 mm Hg, and respiratory rate 30/min. Which of the following
actions should then nurse take?
a. Defibrillate the client's heart.
b. Perform synchronized cardioversion.
c. Begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
d. Administer lidocaine IV bolus. - ANSWER-b. Perform synchronized cardioversion.
The nurse should perform synchronized cardioversion for a client who has
supraventricular tachycardia.
What rhythms are shockable? (defibrillation) - ANSWER-ventricular fibrillation and
pulseless ventricular tachycarida
What dysrhythmia are amiodarone and lidocaine indicated for? - ANSWER-ventricular
arrhythmias
The nurse should initiate CPR for a client who what? - ANSWER-is pulseless or not
breathing
A nurse is preparing a client who has supraventricular tachycardia for elective
cardioversion. Which of the following medications should the nurse instruct the client to
withhold for 48 hr prior to cardioversion?
A. Enoxaparin
B. Metformin
C. Diazepam
D. Digoxin - ANSWER-D. digoxin
Cardiac glycosides, such as digoxin, are withheld prior to cardioversion. These
medications can increase ventricular irritability and put the client at risk for ventricular
fibrillation after the synchronized countershock of cardioversion
_______ are usually given prior to cardioversion to reduce anxiety and minimize
discomfort with the procedure. - ANSWER-Sedatives like diazepam
Metformin is held before what kind of procedures? Example? Why? - ANSWER-Ones
that involve contrast dye like cardiac catheterization, in order to prevent kidney damage.
__________ prevent blood clots that can be released into the circulatory system after
cardioversion. - ANSWER-Anticoagulants like enoxaparin
What kind of drugs are withheld prior to cardioversion? - ANSWER-cardiac glycosides
like digoxin
exopthalmosis - ANSWER-condition produced by hyperthyroidism in which the eyeballs
protrude beyond their normal protective orbit because of swelling in the tissues behind
them
entropion - ANSWER-the inversion of the edge of an eyelid
ectropion - ANSWER-the eversion of the edge of an eyelid
ptosis - ANSWER-drooping
A nurse is caring for a client who has emphysema and is receiving mechanical
ventilation. The client appears anxious and restless, and the high-pressure alarm is
sounding. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
A. Obtain ABGs.
B. Administer propofol to the client.
C. Instruct the client to allow the machine to breathe for them.
D. Disconnect the machine and manually ventilate the client. - ANSWER-C. Instruct the
client to allow the machine to breathe for them. When providing client care, the nurse
should first use the least restrictive intervention. Therefore, the first action the nurse
should take is to provide verbal instructions and emotional support to help the client
relax and allow the ventilator to work. Clients can exhibit anxiety and restlessness when
trying to "fight the ventilator."
A nurse is caring for a client who has a potassium level of 3. Which of the following
assessment findings should the nurse expect?
A. Positive Trousseau's sign
B. 4+ deep tendon reflexes
C. Deep respirations
D. Hypoactive bowel sounds - ANSWER-D. Hypoactive bowel sounds
Deep tendon reflexes are used to monitor what electrolyte level? - ANSWERmagnesium
What kind of respirations occur with hypokalemia and why? - ANSWER-shallow
respirations due to respiratory muscle weakness
Trosseau's sign evaluates for what electrolyte imbalances? - ANSWER-hypocalcelmia
and hypomagnesemia
What is hypokalemia's effect on the GI system? - ANSWER-It decreases smooth
muscle contraction leading to decreased peristalsis and hypoactive bowel sounds.
Deep tendon reflexes in hypomagnesemia - ANSWER-increased e.g. 4+
Deep tendon reflexes in hypermagnesemia - ANSWER-decreased e.g. absent or 1+
What should be done if you are performing a cardiac assessment on a client and you
hear a murmur? - ANSWER-Listen with the client on their left side so it can be heard
more clearly
A nurse is conducting an admission history for a client who is to undergo a CT scan with
an IV contrast agent. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings
requires further assessment?
A. History of asthma
B. Appendectomy 1 year ago
C. Penicillin allergy