Legal English semester 1

Deze samenvatting houdt alles in dat we gezien hebben in het eerste semester van Engels.

Preview samenvatting (3 van de 32 pagina's)

LEGAL ENGLISH – PART 1
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 BASICS CONCEPTS
A. VOCABULARY
Legal system
Rechtstelsel
To rule
Besturen
To govern
Government
Regering
Legislation
Wetgeving
Constitution
Grondwet
Constitutional monarchy
A country ruled by a king or queen whose powers are
limited by a constitution
Authority
De macht
Court
Rechtbank
To go to court
Hof, rechtbank, gerecht
Law enforcement agency
Wethandhaving instanties
To observe
Naleven
To accept and obey
Accepteren en naleven
To enforce
Afdwingen
The main role of the police is to uphold and enforce the law
Enforceable
Afdwingbaar
A lawyer – lawyers
Een advocaat – advocaten
The judiciary
De rechterlijke macht
A judge – judges
Een rechter- rechters
Tribunal
Rechtbank
War crime tribunal
An industrial tribunal
A court which judges disagreements
Are courts of law established to try those accused of
between workers and their employers
committing atrocities and crimes against humanity
during war time three branches of government

Legal action
Gerechtelijke stappen
Legal proceedings
She threatened to take legal action against the hospital
Not cheap
Duur
Expensive
Taking a lot of time to do
Tijdrovend
Time consuming
B. THE THREE BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT: DE 3 MACHTEN
1. The executive branch (uitvoerende macht)
2. The legislative branch (wetgevende macht)
The legislature
3. The judicial branch (rechterlijke macht)
The judiciary
Separation of powers
Scheiding der machten
Separation of Church and
Scheiding van kerk en staat
State
1.2 ESSENTIAL WORDS
English
Meaning English
Translate into Dutch
Damages
Money claimed by someone as compensation
Schadevergoeding
for harm done
Commit
To send someone to prison or court
Toevertrouwen
Judicial
And adjective referring to a judge or the law
Rechterlijk
Innocent
Not guilty of a crime
Onschuldig
Offence
Any act which is not legal
Iets dat strafbaar is
Lawyer
A person who has studied law and can act for
Advocaat
people on business
Dispute
A disagreement or argument between parties
Geschil, strijd Tribunal
A specialist court outside the judicial system
Rechtbank
which examines special problems
Case
A set of arguments or facts put forward by one
Zaak
side in a legal proceeding
Judge
An official who presides over a court
Rechter
Plead
To state in a court of law whether you are guilty Pleiten
of a crime
Defendant
Someone who is accused of a crime in a criminal Beklaagde
case
Claimant
A person who makes a claim against someone
Aanklager
in a civil court
Settlement
An agreement reached after an argument
Afhandeling
Arrest
To hold someone legally to charge them with
Arresteren
crime
Hearing
A case which is being heard by a committee,
Hoorzitting
tribunal or court of law
Convicted
To find that someone is guilty of crime
Schuldig bevinden
Breach
Failure to carry out the terms of an agreement
Schending
Prosecute
To bring someone to court to answer a criminal
Vervolgen
charge
Appeal
To ask a high law court to change its decision or
Beroep
sentence
Charge
To say that someone has committed a crime
In rekening brengen
Binding
Having the legal ability to force someone to do
Bindend
something
Civil
An adjective referring to the rights and duties of Burgerlijk
private persons or organisations
Defence
The arguments used when fighting a case
Verdediging
Contract
A legal agreement between two or more parties Contract
Criminal
An adjective referring to crime
Crimineel
Jury
A group of 12 citizens who decide whether or
De jury
not someone is guilty in a trial
Evidence
A written or spoken statement of facts which
Bewijs
helps to prove or disprove something at a trial
Fine
To order someone to pay money as a
(Geld)boete
punishment
Injunction
A court order telling someone to stop
Bevel
something, or not to do something
OTHER WORDS
Court
Rechtbank
Crime
Misdaad
Trial (ex: murder trial)
Rechtszaak
He was tried for attempting murder of his wife
Sentence (ex: death sentence)
Vonnis, veroordeling, straf
Legal
Legaal
Illegal
Illegaal
Guilty of
Schuldig aan
Innocent of
Onschuldig aan
TORT VS CRIME
Tort
A tort is a wrongful act that injures or interferes with another's person or property.
Crime A crime is a wrongful act that the state or federal government has identified as a crime.
COURT VS TRIBUNAL
Court
Courts decide most disputes and criminal cases
Tribunal
Tribunals deal with more specialised matters and are less formal than courts.
Tribunals are not restricted by the rules of evidence